Requirements
1. In Disk Utility format your USB drive as HFS+
2. Open up a terminal and mount the Yosemite Installer
sudo hdiutil attach /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Yosemite.app/Contents/SharedSupport/InstallESD.dmg
3. Restore the Yosemite InstallESD.dmg to your USB drive. Replace “USBDrive” with the name of your drive. You will be prompted for a Yes or No. Hit y and then Enter to continue and erase all the data on the USB drive.
sudo asr restore -source /Volumes/OS\ X\ Install\ ESD/BaseSystem.dmg -target /Volumes/USBDrive -erase -format HFS+
4. Delete and add some packages.
sudo rm /Volumes/OS\ X\ Base\ System/System/Installation/Packages
sudo cp -a /Volumes/OS\ X\ Install\ ESD/Packages /Volumes/OS\ X\ Base\ System/System/Installation/Packages
5. Copy some more files.
sudo cp -a /Volumes/OS\ X\ Install\ ESD/BaseSystem.chunklist /Volumes/OS\ X\ Base/System/
sudo cp -a /Volumes/OS\ X\ Install\ ESD/BaseSystem.dmg /Volumes/OS\ X\ Base/System/
7. Detach the USB Drive
hdiutil detach /Volumes/OS\ X\ Install\ ESD/
8. Plug the drive into a mac and start the installation.
cd BOOT
bootsect.exe /NT60 G:
Change “G” to your usb drives letter
There are a few different ways to find out a drives(sdcard, usb drive, external hard drive) name.
dmesg command
One way to do it is to look at dmesg. Insert your drive and then run the command. It displays a lot of info, what we are interested in is the end which should say something about your drive.
dmesg
[ 4443.109976] mmc0: new high speed SDHC card at address aaaa [ 4443.111857] mmcblk0: mmc0:aaaa SU04G 3.69 GiB [ 4443.120836] mmcblk0: p1 p2 [ 4453.045338] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): recovery complete [ 4453.086165] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null) [ 4453.086184] SELinux: initialized (dev mmcblk0p2, type ext4), uses xattr
This tells us that the device is mmcblk0. The “p2” at the end is the partition number.
Another way to do it is to run the df command.
Run the below command without your drive plugged in.
df -h
it’ll return something like this
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/fedora-root 50G 12G 36G 24% / devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.9G 600K 1.9G 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 1.9G 1.0M 1.9G 1% /run tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs 1.9G 28K 1.9G 1% /tmp /dev/sdb1 477M 115M 333M 26% /boot /dev/mapper/fedora-home 76G 45G 23G 87% /home
The above command returns all the partitions that are mounted on your computer.
Now mount your drive and run the command again, it should show your drive at the bottom.
[me@fedora ~]$ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/fedora-root 50G 12G 36G 24% / devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.9G 600K 1.9G 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 1.9G 1.1M 1.9G 1% /run tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs 1.9G 28K 1.9G 1% /tmp /dev/sdb1 477M 115M 333M 26% /boot /dev/mapper/fedora-home 76G 45G 23G 87% /home /dev/mmcblk0p2 3.6G 2.3G 1.1G 69% /run/media/me/fc522c75-9sws
You can see that the bottom one “/dev/mmcblk0p2 ” is the partition of the drive you just plugged in.
You can also use fdisk.
sudo fdisk -l
It will return something similar to the following.
Disk /dev/mapper/fedora-home: 78.8 GiB, 191931351040 bytes, 374865920 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 3.7 GiB, 3965190144 bytes, 7744512 sectors
The bottom section is the drive “mmcblk0”.
lsblk is another cool tool to list drives and partions. When run with the -p option it shows the path to the drive and partition.
Example output of what you may get with “lsblk -p”
admin@localhost:~$ lsblk -p NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT /dev/nvme1n1 259:0 0 450G 0 disk ├─/dev/nvme1n1p1 259:1 0 499M 0 part ├─/dev/nvme1n1p2 259:2 0 100M 0 part ├─/dev/nvme1n1p3 259:3 0 16M 0 part └─/dev/nvme1n1p4 259:4 0 449.3G 0 part /dev/nvme0n1 259:5 0 477G 0 disk ├─/dev/nvme0n1p1 259:6 0 512M 0 part /boot/efi ├─/dev/nvme0n1p2 259:7 0 732M 0 part /boot └─/dev/nvme0n1p3 259:8 0 400G 0 part └─/dev/mapper/vg-root 253:1 0 391G 0 lvm / └─/dev/mapper/vg-swap_1 253:2 0 7.9G 0 lvm [SWAP] admin@localhost:~$
Insert your thumb drive into the computer.
We need to find out where the thumb drive is mounted. We can do this with the “df” command as shown below or you can find it in dmesg.
So if we run the df command
df -h
It returns something like this
[me@fedora ~]$ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/fedora-root 50G 11G 37G 23% / devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.9G 1.2M 1.9G 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 1.9G 1.1M 1.9G 1% /run tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs 1.9G 52K 1.9G 1% /tmp /dev/sdb1 477M 115M 333M 26% /boot /dev/mapper/fedora-home 176G 125G 42G 75% /home /dev/sdc1 3.8G 3.2G 592M 85% /run/media/me/136A-7360 [me@fedora ~]$
Note that the bottom one is the thumb drive /dev/sdc1 yours may differ.
Now that we know where the drive is mounted we can write the image to the thumb drive.
Change the path in “if=/” to the path to your Fedora iso and change “of=/” to you thumb drive path
su -c "dd if=/home/me/Downloads/Fedora-Live-x86_64-20-1.iso of=/dev/sdc bs=8M"
It will take a couple of minutes to complete and it will not give you any information until it is finished.
Congratulations, you now have a live working Fedora thumb drive.
Found this from here, since it was useful I decided to paste it here.
I saw a few guides on how to make a bootable OS X flash drive, but not many on how to do it without already having access to an OS X machine. Here are my ugly notes on creating a bootable OS X Mountain Lion (10.8)USB drive from/with Linux.
The copy of OS X 10.8 (Mountain Lion) I downloaded was in the form of a file named “InstallESD.dmg”. First, you’ll need to open it. You will need p7zip installed. If you try to dmg2img this file, you won’t get very far, so just extract it with 7-zip:
7z x InstallESD.dmg
The unrolled dmg file I found was 4348218934 bytes in size and had an md5sum of 8b4869920cd740414fe6b7e3f0b1be3e. Inside was another file with the same name (although it is slightly smaller) which is the actual install image. The internal dmg file (the one we really want) was 4333438336 bytes in size and had an md5sum of 68fd407bb74e4a2dd1913ce8bae80fc4. It must be converted prior to mounting, and for this you will need dmg2img installed.
cd InstallMacOSX.pkg
dmg2img InstallESD.dmg
The resulting img file was only 137322496 in bytes and had an md5sum of 05b5788f10f7300c457e2aed735eb83a. Now find the offset to properly mount the install partition in the resulting file.
hexdump -C InstallESD.img | grep “48 2b 00 04”
00008400 48 2b 00 04 80 00 01 00 31 30 2e 30 00 00 00 00 |H+……10.0….|
I got “00008400” which is hex for 33792 in decimal:
$echo $((0x00008400))
33792
We need to subtract 1024 from this number to find the target offset:
$echo ‘33792-1024’|bc
32768
Now make the loop device:
losetup -o 32768 /dev/loop0 /path/to/InstallMacOSX.pkg/InstallESD.img
And finally, mount it:
mount -t hfsplus /dev/loop0 /mnt/tmp/or/wherever/you/want
Next, I re-initialized an 8GB USB flash drive with an MSDOS partition table and created an HFS+ partition with gparted after installing these packages: hfsprogs hfsplus hfsutils.
Next, mount the HFS+ USB device R/W and cd to the /mount/point/of/loop/device and copy the contents of the mounted image:
tar cvf – * | tar xvf – -C /mount/point/to/hfs/usb/drive
Sync, unmount, insert USB drive into the Mac and power it on while holding down the OPTION key.