Handling Spaces in File Names on Linux

Posted on March 13, 2024 by admin

Using ls to parse file names is not recommended for multiple reasons

https://mywiki.wooledge.org/ParsingLs

Let’s say we have a directory with two files in it.

Helloworld.txt
Hello, world.txt

Now we want to loop over the files. If we use ls in our for loop,

for file in $(ls); do echo "$file" ; done

We receive the following output

Hello,
world.txt
Helloworld.txt

The space in “Hello, world.txt” is translated as a new line. This could break our script.

Here is a better way

for file in * ; do echo "$file" ; done

Helpful links

https://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashPitfalls

Mikrotik Scripting Command to Remove all Queues

Posted on March 9, 2023 by admin

Scripting in Mikrotiks can be a little interesting. This is a quick syntax note for using the foreach command to delete all simple queues.

:foreach queue in=[/queue/simple/find ] do={/queue/simple/remove $queue}

Earning Microsoft Rewards With PowerShell

Posted on December 11, 2020 by admin

Earn Microsoft Rewards with PowerShell Script

You can earn Microsoft rewards by using Bing for searching. What if you could automate Bing searches to automatically get rewards? Oh wait. PowerShell can launch Edge with a Bing search! So we can acquire Microsoft Rewards with PowerShell!

Create a new PowerShell file and past the following in.

1..30 | ForEach-Object{Start-Process msedge https://www.bing.com/search?q=bing+$_ 
    Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 3000
}

The script will launch 30 Edge tabs with a Bing search of “Bing 1” next tab will be “Bing 2” etc. You could definitely be more creative with what and how you search for things, but this works as a proof of concept.

I created and ran this script from Visual Studio Code. But you should be able to create it with a normal text file and launch it in PowerShell.

The person at the following link did an excellent job at creating a system for this. Looks really cool.

https://medium.com/@prateekrm/earn-500-daily-microsoft-rewards-points-automatically-with-a-simple-python-program-38fe648ff2a9

Move multiple VLANs between two interfaces – Mikrotik

Posted on February 6, 2020 by admin

Move VLANs with foreach

Move all the VLANs under ether7 to ether6. Instead of an “=” sign, you can use a “~” to do a partial match.

foreach i in=[/interface vlan find where interface="ether7"] do={interface vlan set interface=ether6-master-local  $i }

Move IP address to new port programmatically

Move ip address from ether6 to ether7. Change 192.168.88.1/24 to the address and the find command will find it regardless of the port and assign it to ether6 or whichever port is specified.

ip address set interface=ether6-master-local [find address="192.168.88.1/24"]

Using Delay

You can add a delay before a command runs by specifying delay and then the time to wait.

delay 60

Use the ; to separate commands. Example below, wait 5 seconds then print the ip addresses.

delay 5 ; ip address print

Putting it all together

The following command/s will wait 60 seconds then move all the VLANs on ether7 to ether6 and then move the 192.168.88.1/24 address to ether6.

delay 60 ; foreach i in=[/interface vlan find where interface="ether7"] do={interface vlan set interface=ether6-master-local  $i } ; ip address set interface=ether6-master-local [find address="192.168.88.1/24"]

Bash Loop Examples

Posted on November 15, 2019 by admin

For i in 1-100 do

Basically count to 100 and perform an operation each time i increases.

for ((i=1; i<=100;i++))
do 
  echo $i
done

for loop 1 liner

for ((i=1; i<=100;i++)) do echo $i ; done

While true (Execute forever)

Handy if you just want a script to run and repeat the same thing over and over again. Doesn't stop till you kill it.

while true
do
  echo "Repeat till infinity"
  sleep 1
done

While command is true

The following will execute the loop as long as the command in the () returns true. Once it returns false, it'll stop the loop

while (fping incredigeek.com | grep alive); 
do
  echo alive
  sleep 1
done

Bash array example

Posted on November 15, 2019 by admin

#!/bin/bash
array=(one two three)
echo "Printing first object in array."  #Replace 0 with the place number of the array item
echo ${array[0]}

echo ""

echo "Whole array"
echo ${array[*]} 

echo "" 

echo "Array indexes" 
echo ${!array[*]}

Output

Printing first object in array. 
one

Whole array
one two three

Array indexes
0 1 2

https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/bash-arrays

wget multiple links with random access times

Posted on October 5, 2019 by admin

Create a file “list.txt” that contains all the URLs you want to download and launch the following command

for i in cat list.txt ; do wget ${i} && sleep $(( ( RANDOM % 120 ) +1 )) ; done

It’ll now run and after each link will wait a random amount of time up to 120 seconds before downloading the next link. Change the number as needed.

Bash ANSI-C Quoting

Posted on February 28, 2019 by admin

Pulled from https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bashref.html#ANSI_002dC-Quoting

As a side note there is a lot of good bash info out here. https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bashref.html

3.1.2.4 ANSI-C Quoting

Words of the form $'string' are treated specially. The word expands to string, with backslash-escaped characters replaced as specified by the ANSI C standard. Backslash escape sequences, if present, are decoded as follows: \a

alert (bell) \b

backspace \e\E

an escape character (not ANSI C) \f

form feed \n

newline \r

carriage return \t

horizontal tab \v

vertical tab \\

backslash \'

single quote \"

double quote \?

question mark \nnn

Some examples

echo Hello $'\t' World

Returns “Hello World” with a tab space between both words.

echo Hello $'\n' World

Returns Hello on one line and World on the second

echo "\"Hello World\""

Returns “Hello World” inside double quotes

BASH Script to add new SFTP user and setup permissions

Posted on December 18, 2018 by admin

This script adds a new SFTP user with only sftp access. Refer to this post on setting up a SFTP server.

Download script

wget www.incredigeek.com/home/downloads/scripts/sftpUserAdd.sh

Make executable

chmod +x sftpUserAdd.sh

Run with the new user you want to create.

./sftpUserAdd.sh sftpUsername

You may need to edit the script and modify the location parameters.

#!/bin/bash
# Automatically setup and add SFTP user
# Script creates new user and setups permissions
newUser=$1
sftpDir="/sftp/"
if grep -q ${newUser} /etc/passwd ;then
        echo ${newUser} Already exsists.  Aborting!
        exit 1
else
        mkdir -p ${sftpDir}/${newUser}/files
        useradd -g sftpusers -d ${sftpDir}/${newUser}/files -s /sbin/nologin ${newUser}
        passwd ${newUser}
        chown ${newUser}:sftpusers /sftp/CareMark/files
fi

Add multiple IP bindings to Mikrotik Hotspot – Bash Script

Posted on June 12, 2018 by admin

Copy and paste the following into a file named mtbypass.sh and then “chmod +x mtbypass.sh” Or download from this direct link. Be sure to change the username and password

#!bin/bash
filelist="bypasslist.txt"
username="admin"
password="password!"
ip="$1"

for i in `cat ${filelist}`
do
address=`echo $i | cut -d= -f1`
mac=`echo $i | cut -d= -f2`
sshpass -p ${password} ssh ${username}@${ip} "ip hotspot ip-binding add address=${address} mac-address=${mac} type=bypassed"
done

Now create a file named bypasslist.txt and put all the addresses you want bypassed. You’ll need the Mac Address and the IP Address.

Example file

192.168.88.2=4C:5E:0C:B8:4E:01
192.168.88.3=3E:AA:A1:2D:8B:2C
192.168.88.5=DE:D1:39:65:91:4E

Usage of script is

./mtbypass.sh MikrotikIP

Example:

./mtbypass.sh 192.168.88.1

Incredigeek

Tag Archives: scripting