Pulled from https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bashref.html#ANSI_002dC-Quoting

As a side note there is a lot of good bash info out here. https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bashref.html

3.1.2.4 ANSI-C Quoting

Words of the form $'string' are treated specially. The word expands to string, with backslash-escaped characters replaced as specified by the ANSI C standard. Backslash escape sequences, if present, are decoded as follows: \a

alert (bell) \b

backspace \e\E

an escape character (not ANSI C) \f

form feed \n

newline \r

carriage return \t

horizontal tab \v

vertical tab \\

backslash \'

single quote \"

double quote \?

question mark \nnn

Some examples

echo Hello $'\t' World

Returns “Hello World” with a tab space between both words.

echo Hello $'\n' World

Returns Hello on one line and World on the second

echo "\"Hello World\""

Returns “Hello World” inside double quotes